Fuel cell has many advantages. Fuel cell can operate more efficiently than internal combustion engine. The emission of fuel cell is lower than that of internal combustion engine. Hydrogen fuel cells only discharge water, so they do not emit carbon dioxide, and they do not produce smoke and air pollutants that cause health problems during operation. Therefore, as a clean energy, fuel cells are also widely used in industrial production.
Fuel cell assembly spraying is an important part of fuel cell production. Ultrasonic spraying system is used for fuel cell assembly spraying because of its uniform spraying and high spraying efficiency. The following mainly introduces the core components of fuel cell, ultrasonic spraying system and so on.
<p>The spraying of fuel cell mainly involves the spraying of its core component membrane electrode assembly. The core of PEM fuel cell is membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which includes membrane, catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer (GDL). The polymer electrolyte membrane and catalyst layer are mainly introduced below.
Polymer electrolyte membrane, or PEM (also known as proton exchange membrane), is a specially treated material that only conducts positively charged ions and blocks electrons. PEM is the key to fuel cell technology, which only allows the necessary ions to pass between the anode and cathode. A layer of catalyst needs to be added on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane, one side is the anode layer, the other side is the cathode layer. On the anode side, the catalyst enables hydrogen molecules to split into protons and electrons. On the cathode side, the catalyst reacts with the protons produced by the anode to generate water, thus reducing oxygen.
Catalyst materials for fuel cells can be synthesized by ultrasonic nozzle and then sprayed on the surface of polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells. Ultrasonic spraying system can be used to spray catalyst on electrolyte film accurately, accurately and evenly, so as to minimize overspray, which plays a great role in the optimization of spraying equipment, repeatability, sustainability and cost saving.
In general, continuous thin coatings are required for fuel cell coatings to achieve the required thickness, texture and electrical properties. The use of traditional air atomizing spray valves easily leads to excessive spraying and blockage, and is prone to uneven spray and is difficult to maintain precise control of liquid flow. Ultrasonic nozzle can produce soft, effective spray and uniform coating. In addition, it can control the shape of the spray accurately and start and stop the device. Ultrasonic spraying can accurately control the coating pattern and thickness. Therefore, ultrasonic nozzle is a more suitable choice.
The ultrasonic nozzle can be used to synthesize fuel cell catalyst nanomaterials by chemical vapor deposition or spray pyrolysis technology. The ultrasonic nozzle can also be used to spray the catalyst material on the electrode or membrane substrate. The synthesized catalyst particles are usually suspended to form "ink", which needs to be sprayed on the electrode or membrane to be used in fuel cells. Ultrasonic spray technology is very suitable for all kinds of high and low temperature PEM, DMFC and SOFC fuel cells.