Ultrasound can be applied to many fields, and is closely related to our life. With it, our life can become more convenient and efficient. It is widely used in industry, mining, agriculture, medical and other departments. But why is it so widely used? The theoretical study shows that the energy of a body's vibration is proportional to the second power of the vibration frequency when the amplitude is the same. When the ultrasonic wave propagates in the medium, the frequency of the medium particle vibration is very high, so the energy is very large, and the effects are also many. For example: mechanical effect, cavitation effect, thermal effect and chemical effect.
There is no doubt about the position of ultrasound in our industry, mining, agriculture and daily life, but the application of ultrasound in medicine is more important.
So what is ultrasound used for in medicine? Now I will introduce it in detail. The application of ultrasound in the field of medicine, with the characteristics of the combination of medicine, science and engineering, involves a wide range of content, and has high practical value in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, monitoring and census of human diseases. But the most commonly used is ultrasound.
1. Application of ultrasonic technology in wastewater treatment
Ultrasonic treatment of wastewater mainly uses cavitation and the physical and chemical changes caused by it. In the local high temperature and high pressure environment produced by ultrasonic cavitation, water is decomposed to produce · h and · OH radicals (· Oh has the oxidation ability second only to element f). In addition, the air (N2 and O2) dissolved in the solution can also undergo free radical cracking reaction to produce · N and · o free radicals. These free radicals will further trigger chain breaking of organic molecules, transfer of free radicals and redox reaction, so as to effectively treat wastewater.
2. Application of ultrasonic technology in paper industry
Ultrasonic technology has been widely used in paper industry because of its strong force, wide range of action and no pollution to the environment, especially in the recycling of waste paper, wastewater treatment and on-line detection of paper. It is found that the main function of ultrasound is to increase the hydrolysis rate of carbohydrates on cellulose surface, which is conducive to the removal of ink.
3. Application of ultrasonic technology in scale prevention and removal
Ultrasonic antiscaling mainly uses ultrasonic strong sound field to treat fluid. Under the action of ultrasonic field, the physical form and chemical properties of scale forming substances in fluid change a series, which makes them disperse, crush, loose and loose, and not easy to adhere to the pipe wall to form scale. At present, ultrasonic anti scaling, which is essentially different from traditional cleaning methods, has been widely used in pipelines to prevent and remove water scaling because of its continuous online work, high degree of automation, reliable working nature, no environmental pollution and low operating cost. In addition, it has been successfully applied in the pipeline of fluid material scaling, and some of them are even applied in the condition of fluid material temperature as high as 360 ℃.
4. Application of ultrasonic technology in life and service industry
Ultrasound is mainly used for cleaning and disinfection in life and service industry. In daily life, glasses and jewelry can be cleaned by ultrasonic wave with high speed and no damage; large hotels and restaurants use it to clean tableware, which not only has good cleaning effect, but also has the function of killing virus. This is mainly due to the cavitation effect of ultrasound.
5. Application of ultrasonic technology in medicine
Now the common ultrasonic diagnostic devices are: type a ultrasonic diagnostic instrument; type B ultrasonic diagnostic instrument, echocardiography, etc. Ultrasound technology can also be used to treat diseases in medicine. It is called ultrasound physiotherapy that uses the thermal effect and mechanical effect of low intensity ultrasound to "heat" and stimulate the diseased parts. It mainly includes ultrasound massage, ultrasound acupuncture and ultrasound hyperthermia. The use of strong ultrasound to cut off and destroy some tissues is called ultrasonic surgery, mainly ultrasonic lithotripsy and ultrasonic scalpel.
6. The application of ultrasonic technology in the preparation of nano materials
Nanomaterials are an important research and development direction in nanoscience. They have been paid more and more attention in more and more fields and become a hot spot in materials science. In recent years, the special physical and chemical environment caused by acoustic cavitation provides a new way for scientists to prepare nano materials. Acoustic cavitation is becoming a new technology to prepare materials with special properties, including ultrasonic chemical method, ultrasonic atomization method and so on